C Program to List Files in a Directory
This is the C Program to List files,the directory can be a folder,floppy disk,cd etc..
Reference to the header files and functions used in this Program
#include <sys/stat.h> DESCRIPTION
The
The structure stat contains at least the following members:
dev_t st_dev ID of device containing file
ino_t st_ino file serial number
mode_t st_mode mode of file (see below)
nlink_t st_nlink number of links to the file
uid_t st_uid user ID of file
gid_t st_gid group ID of file
dev_t st_rdev device ID (if file is character or block special)
off_t st_size file size in bytes (if file is a regular file)
time_t st_atime time of last access
time_t st_mtime time of last data modification
time_t st_ctime time of last status change
blksize_t st_blksize a filesystem-specific preferred I/O block size for
this object. In some filesystem types, this may
vary from file to file
blkcnt_t st_blocks number of blocks allocated for this object
File serial number and device ID taken together uniquely identify the file within the system. The blkcnt_t, blksize_t, dev_t, ino_t, mode_t, nlink_t, uid_t, gid_t, off_t and time_t types are defined as described in
The following symbolic names for the values of st_mode are also defined:
File type:
S_IFMT type of file
S_IFBLK block special
S_IFCHR character special
S_IFIFO FIFO special
S_IFREG regular
S_IFDIR directory
S_IFLNK symbolic link
File mode bits:
S_IRWXU read, write, execute/search by owner
S_IRUSR read permission, owner
S_IWUSR write permission, owner
S_IXUSR execute/search permission, owner
S_IRWXG read, write, execute/search by group
S_IRGRP read permission, group
S_IWGRP write permission, group
S_IXGRP execute/search permission, group
S_IRWXO read, write, execute/search by others
S_IROTH read permission, others
S_IWOTH write permission, others
S_IXOTH execute/search permission, others
S_ISUID set-user-ID on execution
S_ISGID set-group-ID on execution
S_ISVTX on directories, restricted deletion flag
The bits defined by S_IRUSR, S_IWUSR, S_IXUSR, S_IRGRP, S_IWGRP, S_IXGRP, S_IROTH, S_IWOTH, S_IXOTH, S_ISUID, S_ISGID and S_ISVTX are unique.
S_IRWXU is the bitwise OR of S_IRUSR, S_IWUSR and S_IXUSR.
S_IRWXG is the bitwise OR of S_IRGRP, S_IWGRP and S_IXGRP.
S_IRWXO is the bitwise OR of S_IROTH, S_IWOTH and S_IXOTH.
Implementations may OR other implementation-dependent bits into S_IRWXU, S_IRWXG and S_IRWXO, but they will not overlap any of the other bits defined in this document. The file permission bits are defined to be those corresponding to the bitwise inclusive OR of S_IRWXU, S_IRWXG and S_IRWXO.
The following macros will test whether a file is of the specified type. The value m supplied to the macros is the value of st_mode from a stat structure. The macro evaluates to a non-zero value if the test is true, 0 if the test is false.
S_ISBLK(m) Test for a block special file.
S_ISCHR(m) Test for a character special file.
S_ISDIR(m) Test for a directory.
S_ISFIFO(m) Test for a pipe or FIFO special file.
S_ISREG(m) Test for a regular file.
S_ISLNK(m) Test for a symbolic link.
The implementation may implement message queues, semaphores, or shared memory objects as distinct file types. The following macros test whether a file is of the specified type. The value of the buf argument supplied to the macros is a pointer to a stat structure. The macro evaluates to a non-zero value if the specified object is implemented as a distinct file type and the specified file type is contained in the stat structure referenced by buf. Otherwise, the macro evaluates to zero.
S_TYPEISMQ(buf) Test for a message queue
S_TYPEISSEM(buf) Test for a semaphore
S_TYPEISSHM(buf) Test for a shared memory object
The following are declared as functions and may also be defined as macros. Function prototypes must be provided for use with an ISO C compiler.
int chmod(const char *, mode_t);
int fchmod(int, mode_t);
int fstat(int, struct stat *);
int lstat(const char *, struct stat *);
int mkdir(const char *, mode_t);
int mkfifo(const char *, mode_t);
int mknod(const char *, mode_t, dev_t);
int stat(const char *, struct stat *);
mode_t umask(mode_t);
#include<stdio.h>
#include<sys/stat.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<dirent.h>
#include<errno.h>
void list_files(char *,struct stat *);
main(int argc,char* argv[])
{
struct stat stbuf;
char * dir_name;
char name[100];
DIR* dir_ptr;
struct dirent * dir_entry;
if(argc==1) dir_name=".";
else dir_name=argv[1];
if(lstat(dir_name,&stbuf)==-1)
{
fprintf(stderr,"cant access file %sn",dir_name);
return;
}
if((stbuf.st_mode & S_IFMT)==S_IFDIR)
{
if((dir_ptr=opendir(dir_name))==NULL)
{
fprintf(stderr,"cannot open %s n",dir_name);
return;
}
while((dir_entry = readdir(dir_ptr))!=NULL)
{
if(strcmp(dir_entry->d_name,".")==0||strcmp(dir_entry->d_name,"..")==0)
sprintf(name,"%s/%s",dir_name,dir_entry->d_name);
continue;
if(lstat(name,&stbuf)==-1)
{
perror("cannot stat file");
printf("cant access %s n",dir_entry->d_name);
return;
}
list_files(dir_entry->d_name,&stbuf);
}
closedir(dir_ptr);
}
else
{
list_files(dir_name,&stbuf);
}
}
void list_files(char * name,struct stat * stbuf_ptr)
{
char str[11];
strcpy(str,"________________________");
if(S_ISDIR(stbuf_ptr->st_mode))
str[0]='d';
if(S_ISCHR(stbuf_ptr->st_mode))
str[0]='c';
if(S_ISBLK(stbuf_ptr->st_mode))
str[0]='b';
if(S_ISLNK(stbuf_ptr->st_mode))
str[0]='l';
if(stbuf_ptr->st_mode & S_IRUSR)
str[1]='r';
if(stbuf_ptr->st_mode & S_IWUSR)
str[2]='w';
if(stbuf_ptr->st_mode & S_IXUSR)
str[3]='X';
if(stbuf_ptr->st_mode & S_IRGRP)
str[4]='r';
if(stbuf_ptr->st_mode & S_IWGRP)
str[5]='w';
if(stbuf_ptr->st_mode & S_IXGRP)
str[6]='X';
if(stbuf_ptr->st_mode & S_IROTH)
str[7]='r';
if(stbuf_ptr->st_mode & S_IWOTH)
str[8]='w';
if(stbuf_ptr->st_mode & S_IXOTH)
str[9]='X';
printf("%s %d %sn",str,stbuf_ptr->st_size,name);
return;
}
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